The Department of History and Heritage Management

1. Background of the Department

Department of History was one of the first departments to be established in the University in 1960-61. The Department of History made an early emphasis on Ethiopianisation of its staff and outstanding Ethiopian scholars of international reputation have built the Department up, Professor Merid W/Aregay, Professor Taddesse Tamrat and Professor Bahru Zewde in particular. The Department also remembers with gratitude the expatriate scholars who contributed to the development of the Department: Professor Sven Rubenson, Dr. Richard Caulk and Prof. Donald Crummey in particular. Younger Ethiopian scholars who are now members of the Department have continued to uphold the Department’s reputation and to make possible further development.

The scholarly strength of the Department made possible the establishment of a History MA Program in 1979-80, which was one of the first Masters programs in the country. This was followed by a History Ph.D. Program in 1990, which was one of the first of its kind in the College of Social Sciences, and one of the oldest in Addis Ababa University. Increasing numbers of students have passed through these two graduate programs, and M.A. and Ph.D. theses of outstanding quality have been produced.

When serious attention was given to Archaeology, courses were given within the Department of History from 1973. Moreover, the Department, with valuable help from the Italian Cooperation Program and the British Council, was able to begin an M.A. in Archaeology in 2002-03. At a later stage the Department of History also introduced courses on Heritage Management and the Department took a new name in 2006-07. The Department of History and Heritage Management, as its nomenclature is at present (2008-09).

However, the Department now feels that the time is ripe for establishing Archaeology with Heritage as a separate department with its own major. When this happens, hopefully in the near future, the History Department will revert to its former and long time designation, Department of History, with its degree designated Bachelor of Arts in History.

2. General Objectives of the Department

The general objective of the Department is to serve the nation by producing trained manpower, committed to the service of the nation through the production of knowledge on history, and with a good understanding of the history of its own nation in the context of Africa and the world.

The Department has a commitment to advancing scholarly work. The Department believes that the discipline of history contributes much to the formation of a universal understanding of the place of man in society and in the world. A university-level training in history is anchored on the concepts of continuity and change in place and time. On the basis of these principles, the Department develops in its students skills in historical and cultural research, in the evaluation of diverse sources and in the production of historical knowledge. The training is designed to inculcate in students intellectual powers of reasoning, a keen awareness of the relativity of knowledge, flexibility of mind and capacity for independent thinking, all of which go towards developing in the students capacity for solving problems and making sound decisions in fields besides their own.

3. Specific Objectives of the Department

These are as follows:

- to train full-fledged researchers committed to the discipline of history so as to tackle the problems of their society using the potentials and possibilities embedded in the profession of history;

- to produce skilled personnel and professionals who can carry out research in the political, economic, social and cultural history of Ethiopia;

- to produce professionals who are well versed in various aspects of the past, especially of Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa (environmental, political, economic, and social dynamics and intricacies in the region);

- to produce scholars with the tradition of tolerance and positivity towards the ethnic and cultural diversity of the country;

- to train professionals with a clear world view and ability to relate history - local, regional, national and international - in its dynamics and realities;

- to prepare students to serve national needs and pursue careers in cultural institutions, in government ministries, and in all areas in which verbal, writing and analytical skills are required;

- to train well-qualified teachers of History for tertiary-level educational institutions.

4. Rationale for the Curriculum
Since 1980 the Department has been continuously engaged in reconsidering and rethinking the rationale and purpose of its curricula (BA, MA, then Ph.D.) The rationale for changes has been and still is as follows.

4.1. Particularly in Ethiopian History, but in other fields as well, the Department has introduced new themes and issues which have assumed greater importance in historiography over the past decades. Some concerns which either already find a place in the phase-out curriculum or are introduced in the new curriculum (2008-09) are women’s history, urban studies and diaspora studies.

4.2. The Department gives special focus to the history of Ethiopia and the Horn. New BA curriculum courses respond to the changing realities of Ethiopia and the Horn and take account of the diversity of the region.

4.3. The Department’s courses on historiography and historical methodology are essential for producing well trained historians in the discipline of history and for realizing the expected outcomes of the Department’s training. These courses are increased in the new BA curriculum.

4.4. The Department believes that a study of contemporary history is essential and therefore in the new BA curriculum its narrative BA courses are brought fully up to the present in Ethiopian, African and World History courses and Graduate Seminars also have a contemporary focus.

4.5. The Department concentrates on Ethiopian history in its BA and Graduate Program but understands the need to put Ethiopian history in continental and global context. Work on the BA curriculum has made the Department’s World History courses generally global, with more attention to Asian and American history. In the new curriculum the World History narrative courses are divided by continent (Europe, the Americas, Asia) to ensure fair coverage for each. The Middle East also receives separate coverage.

4.6. To deepen students’ knowledge, BA courses have a thematic besides a narrative element and the Department’s Graduate seminars are thematic in character. Themes emphasize, more than in the past, social, economic and cultural issues besides political history.

5. Programs of the Department

5.1. The Bachelor of Arts in History and Heritage Management

Entry into the BA Program is determined by success in the Ministry of Education 10+2 Examination, followed by a Ministry allocation to AAU or other universities and then an AAU allocation of new entry students among different departments. As far as possible the University follows student preferences in their choice of departments.

The History major BA program is composed of five areas of training. They are historiography and historical methodology, Ethiopian history, African history, History of the Middle East and of the Islamic World, and History of the (rest of the) World. The distribution of courses among these areas of training reflects greater focus on Ethiopia and Ethiopia’s historical challenges, but also historically locates our country in its immediate regional and continental settings as well as in the evolving global order. The focus on Ethiopia can be gauged not just from the number of Ethiopia-related courses and the diversity of the issues in Ethiopian history that they deal with, but also from the insertion of Ethiopia-related materials in other courses, be it regional, continental or global.

In each of the five areas of training, courses of study are developed and structured in such a way that students will acquire knowledge of the historical material in some depth, engage in exercises of critical thinking about historical themes and issues and develop skills of identifying and solving historical problems through methodical research. In order to provide for each of these desired outcomes, the courses are generally divided into three categories narrative/chronological courses, thematic/issues-oriented courses and methodological/research courses. Thus in the Ethiopian history component of the program, 9 credit hours of courses are chronological while 20 credit hours of courses will be thematic; in the African history component, 12 credit hours are devoted to chronological courses while 8 credit hours cover various themes and issues. In the courses on the history of the world 15 credit hours are allocated for survey-type chronological material while 3 credit hours are mixed chronological and global issues. There are 6 credit hours of Middle Eastern history that offer a mix of chronological and thematic coverage. There are 15 credits of courses which deal with historiography and historical research.

In each of the major areas of training a concerted effort has been made to provide for a balanced coverage of regions, periods and issues. In Ethiopian history for instance a series of new courses focuses on specific regions, cultures, periods and social groupings that were only partially or generally dealt with in previous curricula. Examples are courses on the history of the peoples polities and cultures in Ethiopian history, socio-cultural history, on the history of Ethiopian women, on the history of Ethiopia’s relations with its neighbors, on the History of religions and religious processes in Ethiopia and on the history of arts in Ethiopia. Similar considerations have led to the introduction of courses on the history of the Environment and Society, Urban processes in Africa, Diasporas of Africa in history, and History of the Nile Basin. There is also one course on the Archaeology of Ethiopia and the Horn and one as an Introduction to Heritage Management.

The Department is phasing in as from Sem.1 2008-09 a new curriculum in a 3 year BA Program. The courses in this curriculum are as follows.

3 YEAR PROGRAM, NO MINORS

YEAR II Sem 1 Cr.

HIST 201 Ethiopia and the Horn to c. 1500 3

HIST 211 The Ancient World 3

HIST 221 The Early History of Africa to 1500 3

HIST 251 Introduction to History and Historiography 3

FLEn 201 Writing Skills (Gen.Educ) 3

Phil 201 Introduction to Logic (Gen Educ.) 3

18

YEAR II Sem II

HIST 202 Ethiopia and the Horn 1500-1800 3

HIST 212 Survey of European History c.1500-1850 3

HIST 222 Africa and the Outside World 1500-c.1850 3

HIST 242 Survey of the Islamic World to the 1920s 3

HIST 252 Historical Research Methods I 3

GeEd 101 Civics and Ethical Education (Gen Ed) 3

18

YEAR III Sem.I

HIST 301 History of Ethiopia and the Horn 1800-1900 3

HIST 311 Survey of European History c.1850-1945 3

HIST 321 Africa and the Colonial Experience c.1850 - c.1945 3

HIST 331 Ethiopia and its Neighbors 1820 to the present 3

HIST 341 History of Middle East since the 1920s 3

HIST 351 Introduction to Ethiopian Arts 2

HIST 361 Introduction to Archaeology of Ethiopia and The Horn 2

19

YEAR III Sem II

HIST 302 Peoples, Polities and Cultures in Ethiopian History 3

HIST 312 History of the Americas c.1800-1945 3

HIST 322 Africa from Colonialism to Independence 1945-1975 3

HIST 332 Political History of Ethiopia and the Horn since 1900 3

HIST 342 Religions and Religious Processes in Ethiopia and the Horn 3

HIST 352 Historical Research Methods II 3

18

YEAR IV Sem I

HIST 401 Economic History of Ethiopia and the Horn since 1900 3

HIST 411 Survey of Asian History, 1850-1945 3

HIST 421 Continuity and Change in Contemporary

Africa, 1975 to the Present 3

HIST 431 History of Ethiopian Women 2

HIST 441 Diasporas of Africa in History 2

HIST 451 Historical Research and Writing Practice I 3

HIST 461 History of the Nile Basin 2

18

YEAR IV Sem II

HIST 402 Socio-Cultural History of Ethiopia and the

Horn since 1900 3

HIST 412 Global Developments since 1945 3

HIST 422 Urban Processes in Africa since the 19^th Century 2

HIST 432 Environment and Society in Africa 2

HIST 442 Major Themes in the History of Modern Ethiopia 3

HIST 452 Historical Research and Writing Practice II 3

HIST 472 Introduction to Heritage Management 2

18

Major Credits 96

Gen.Edu. credit hours 9

Service Courses 4

Total (109)

5.2. The Master of Arts in History (duration 2 years)

Entry into the History MA Program is based on fulfillment of University criteria and available space in the Program.

- Candidates must have obtained a BA degree in History from a recognized university and their BA curriculum must have included a BA thesis/senior essay.

- Candidates take an entrance examination set by the Department with essay questions of a general nature on Ethiopian, African and World History, intended to test the candidates’ understanding of historical developments and processes.

- Candidates are then selected for entry into the MA Program on the basis of BA performance and weighted performance in the MA entrance examination.

- The best candidates, academically, are selected for entrance up to available space in any year.

- All candidates, except self-sponsored, must produce a sponsorship letter from an organization guaranteeing their financial support in the program.

- Candidates are expected to come with a topic for their thesis in mind.

- In 2008-09 the Department accepted 20 candidates.

The MA Thesis is accorded a prominent place and is regarded as a measure of quality of training

The MA courses/ seminars are as follows

Historiography

The Historiography courses concentrate on a substantive discussion including critique of historical sources, the writing of history as well as the concept and types of the history in Ethiopia and the Horn, and Africa.

Ethiopia and the Horn

The courses on Ethiopia and the Horn discuss sources, the uses and abuses of history, developments in Ethiopian history, national integration and ethnic identities.

Elective Courses

Ethiopian History

The economic aspect, religions, perceptions of the periphery and the center; and gender history are the major themes of these Courses.

African History

The African courses deal with the social and political institutions before, during and after European colonialism and the post-Independence challenges of Africa. .

5.3. The Ph.D in History

(Duration a maximum of 4 years, and extension could be granted

when acceptable justification is presented and with the DGC’s approval)

- The academic requirements for entry into the History Ph.D. Program

are as follows, as per AAU regulations.

- MA degree in History from AAU or other recognized universities. However, the Department will withhold admission if it finds the earlier program of study insufficient preparation for a Ph.D. Program.

- Candidates are expected to come with a topic for their thesis in mind.

- Submission of a C.V. and comprehensive statement of purpose including the candidate’s research experience, area of specialization, sponsorship and reasons for interest in pursuing the Ph.D. Program in history.

- Candidates must have a grade of ‘good and above’ in their M.A Thesis.

- Ph.D. candidates take an entrance exam consisting of essay questions of a general nature on Ethiopian, African and World History.

The academically best candidates are then selected on the basis of their performance in the entry exam, their Cum GPA, and the strength of their M.A. Thesis. And up to space available in any year.

In 2008-09 the Department accepted 5 Ph.D. candidates, and altogether there are15 students. One of them defended his dissertation in October 2008.

The Ph.D. Courses/ Seminars are as follows.

Ph.D. in History.

There are four Seminar Courses in which candidates are expected to prepare papers on selected topics based on specialization or area of interest, presentation of a proposal and review of the sources before presenting a substantive paper on their Thesis Research.

The Ph.D. thesis is the essential component of the Program and the thesis receives the utmost attention of the Department, the thesis advisor and the candidate. The final product is judged on the soundness of the methodology employed and the originality of the findings. As the ultimate achievement of a student in formal academic training it should be of such quality as to establish him/her as an authority in the particular field of study he/she has chosen.

6. Master’s Program in Archaeology.

The M.A program in Archaeology is offered within the Department of History and Heritage Management. It was launched in September, 2002, and in the near future Archaeology and Heritage Management will become an independent department with its own major courses.

This MA program provides a wide range of Archaeological and Heritage Management courses from the Paleolithic to the early medieval period. It offers training in laboratory, and field work with, analytical analysis and interpretation. We have close collaboration with various departments (AAU) and he Authority for Research and Conservation of Cultural heritage (ARCCH) of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism as well as with various external universities and research centers.

6.2 Objectives

The objective of this program is to train qualified professionals in the field of Archaeology and Heritage Management to enable the country properly to document, conserve, research and promote its diverse heritages.

6.3 Graduate Profile

- the training helps graduates to undertake effective and improved heritage research and management in their respective field of specialization.

- graduates are expected to be self employed or employed by public agencies or NGOs.

- graduates will take responsibility to create dynamic institutions in the field of archaeology and heritage management.

6.4 Admission

Eligibility for the M.A in Archaeology and Heritage Management is determined in accordance to Addis Ababa University legislation.

- The candidate must pass the entrance examination administered by the Department and satisfy all other requirements as determined by the Department Graduate Committee.

- A student with a B.A degree in one of the following disciplines: History, Sociology and Social Administration, Geology, Geography, Biology and Architecture will be considered for admission.

- Candidates are expected to come with a topic for their thesis in mind.

6.5 Graduate Requirements

The candidate must satisfy the following requirements to qualify for the award of the M.A degree in Archaeology and Heritage Management:

- the candidate must attain a cumulative GPA of 3.00 with a total in credit hours of 31.

- the candidate must write an acceptable thesis based on original field research.

6.6. Course Structure

The M.A Program in Archaeology and Heritage Management requires a total of 31 credits from 8 courses, which have a total of 25 credit hours and a thesis equivalent to 6 credit hours. These courses include fieldwork, which is an important component of the program enabling the students to acquire field and laboratory experience and to become competent in their area of specialization.

Students are taught for three semesters through a series of lectures and seminars.

Some of the courses are designed to introduce students to the basic principles and theories of the discipline. Then, students are given advanced courses that prepare them for a professional career. Because of this, four courses (Archae 601, 611, 621, 612) are designed to enable students to acquire basic knowledge about the discipline. We call them ”Conversion Courses”. They require a rigorous element of laboratory and fieldwork. Laboratory and field equipment has already been provided and regular field and laboratory activities are undertaken. The rest of the courses introduce the basic principles of heritage management and cultural policy that can contribute to the economy and society as a whole. They analyze policies, cultural tourism development, funding strategies and innovative approaches to heritage management.

The M.A thesis is aimed at evaluating the student’s understanding of basic field and laboratory research methodology as well as the ability to present a coherent description and interpretation of the evidence. The topic must be approved by the DGC and has to be solid and original.

6.7 Course Offerings

Course No. Course Title Credit Hours

Archae. 601 Introduction to Archaeological Thought and Theory 3

Archae. 611 Basic Principles of Archaeological

Research Methodology 3

Archae. 621 African Archaeology 3

Archae. 612 Archaeological Surveying and Excavation Procedures 3

Archae. 622 Quaternary Environment of Ethiopia and the Horn 3

Archae. 632 Principles of Museology and Conservation 3

Archae. 701 Historical Archaeology of Ethiopia and the Horn 3

Archae. 711 Bio Archaeology(elective) 3 Archae. 721 Prehistoric Archaeology of Ethiopia and the Horn 4

Archae. 731 M.A Thesis 6

Total 31

6.7. Field and Laboratory Training

Field and laboratory activities are offered in the laboratory of the Archaeology Unit. This training is an important part of the program that enables the students to acquire skills to become competent and to examine problems at first hand and to discuss possible solutions. This activity is also supported by ARCCH of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. The Department collaborates with various research teams working in Ethiopia through ARCCH. The strong support offered by these research centers and laboratory activities has contributed to advancement of students’ knowledge. As part of this collaboration, students acquire skills in site surveying and excavation as well as the basic concept of analysis and interpretation of evidence.

6.8. Textbooks and Journals

The Archaeology room has some reference materials. The main University Library, the Institute of Ethiopian Studies, and the Science Faculty Library at Arat Kilo, and ARCCH library of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism also serve the program.

6.9. Duration

The required time to complete the MA program is two years.

6.10 Assessment.

Students will be assessed based on course/seminar, lecture as well as field and laboratory work. The MA thesis forms the major component and topics are approved by the DGC. Candidates are expected to write an original thesis.

6.12 Research Projects in the Archaeology Unit

i. Inventory Project of Islamic Cultural Heritage in Northeastern Shoa,

ii. Iron Smelting in Wallaga: An Ethno-archaeological Study

iii. The Nile Basin Heritage Resources Inventory Project (to be launched soon).

7. Graduate profile

7.1. Profile of BA Graduates.

Graduates in history are equipped with good knowledge of history that will enable them to:

- play an active role in society as citizens with a keen sense of time and appreciation of the forces of change;

- demonstrate leadership qualities that originate from sensitivity to cultures of various peoples of Ethiopia and an open-minded approach to differences of opinion;

- undertake scientific researches in historiography and historical issues of Ethiopia and its people and teach history at university/college level;

- represent the Ethiopian intellectual community in national, continental and international fora;

- provide consultancy services to government, private and civic associations on the historical and cultural aspects of developmental activities and policy formulation efforts;

- carry out research on historical themes and issues that enlighten the Ethiopian people;

- engage in exercises of critical thinking about historical themes and issues as well as develop skills in identifying and solving historical problems;

- appreciate the value of the nation’s cultural heritage

- undertake responsible employment in government ministries/agencies and private organizations.

7.2 Profile of MA/Ph.D. Graduates

The Department’s MA and Ph.D. graduates are expected to demonstrate all the capacities and characteristics of BA graduates as above, to an even greater degree.

Since so many of the Department’s MA and Ph.D. graduates come from sister Ethiopian universities, they are expected to return to their home universities more highly qualified academically and with an enhanced commitment to teaching and research.

8. Service Courses Offered by the Department

8.1. The Department has offered and will continue to offer as per the new curriculum, as requested by other faculties/departments the following two service courses in World History.

HIST 281. Introduction to the Modern World, c.1500-1815 (3 credits)

HIST 282 Introduction to the Modern World 1815-1945 (3 credits)

These two consecutive courses are intended to give a basic knowledge and understanding of events and processes in modern world history to students of other faculties/departments who have not necessarily had much previous exposure to history as a subject at school.

9. Degree Nomenclature

9.1. The BA Degree in History

At present the Department’s BA nomenclature is in English: /Bachelor of Arts in History and Heritage Management/ Amharic as የአርት ባችለር ዲግሪ በታሪክ

Under the new curriculum graduates completing in 2011-2012 and from then on will have a BA nomenclature in English as Bachelor of Arts in History. And in Amharic as:

አርት ባችለር ዲግሪ በታሪክ እና ቅርስ አስተዳደር

9.2. The MA Degree

The MA degree of the Department has the nomenclature in English Master of Arts in History. And in Amharic as:

የማስተርስ ዲግሪ በታሪክ

9.3 Degree Nomenclature

The degree awarded will bear the nomenclature:

Master of Arts in Archaeology:

and in Amharic :

የአርት ማስተርስ ዲግሪ በአርኪኦሎጂ

9.4. The Ph. D. Degree

The Department’s Ph. D. degree has the nomenclature in English

Doctor of Philosophy in History

and in Amharic: ዶክተር ኦፍ ፊሎሶፊ ዲግሪ /በታሪክ/

10. Program requirements for Graduation

10.1. For the BA Degree

For graduation:

- a minimum Cum. GPA of 2.00,

- a minimum 2.00 Major GPA.

- (A minimum GPA of 2.00 in the Minor subject under the old

curriculum.)

- A completed and acceptable senior essay.

- No F’s (all F’s must be removed).

- There is (as per AAU regulations) a minimum attendance

requirement of 75% of the classes in all courses.

10.2 For the MA Degree

The Minimum grade acceptable for all MA Seminars/courses (in History and Archaeology) is B-. Lower grades must be removed by repeating the seminar/course. At the end of the Program, candidates must have a minimum grade of 3.00. Candidates must present and successfully defend an MA thesis based on adequate original research with correct methodology and presented in good English with correct technicalities. The minimum acceptable evaluation of a thesis is PASS. Higher evaluations are GOOD, VERY GOOD and EXCELLENT. Regular attendance at seminars is mandatory.

10.3 For the Ph.D. Degree

A candidate must have a minimum final, Cum. GPA in the seminars of 3.00 and successfully defend his/her Ph.D. thesis, which is evaluated only PASS or FAIL Regular attendance at seminars is mandatory.

11. Teaching and Learning Methods and Materials.

- Lectures and seminars in all programs

- Reading (books, articles etc.). History requires extensive reading and our BA students are encouraged to read as much and as widely as possible, besides assigned compulsory readings set in each Major BA course.

- MA and Ph.D. students are of course expected to have a thorough mastery of all secondary published and unpublished sources.

- For BA senior essays, and even more fully and completely in the Graduate Program, students are expected to consult archival materials and seek (and cross-check) oral information.

- Writing ability is important for historians at all levels. The Department requires written term paper assignments for its Year III BA courses. Year II students are given instruction in writing history assignments and do a mid-semester test instead of a written assignment. Year IV students are expected to be concentrating on reading and research for their senior essays and therefore do a mid-semester test instead of a written term paper assignment. There are also tests and quizzes. Final examinations, contributing over 50% to the final grade, are set in all BA courses.

- The format of the final exams is determined by the Department and there is an increasing emphasis on written questions.

- Student discussions in class and questions: staff have mandatory office hours to answer individual students’ questions, both for regular and extension students, connected with their course material. The Graduate seminars are of course largely discussion.

- Some staff vary their lectures with short quizzes and brief student oral presentations to the class. These methods are encouraged because they help to develop students’ confidence. In the Graduate Program students present to the class chapters, other resource papers, research papers, or portions of chapters, of their forthcoming theses.

- Maps and illustrations are used in all program where their use is appropriate.

- It is hoped that if funds can be made available extended field expeditions will be possible in the History Graduate program and single day visits in the History BA program.

- In the Department’s Ph.D. Program, students are provided with travel

funds to carry out part of their thesis research in universities and archives outside Ethiopia. Cooperation and help from foreign sources, eg. the Italian cooperation, is essential for this research outside Ethiopia.

- The annual Department seminar, in which staff and graduate students

present papers, is extremely valuable in the training of younger staff and graduate students. The department has so far published some Department seminar proceedings and there are some forthcoming.

- Regular monthly Department colloquia with presentations by visiting

scholars and others, followed by discussion, are important in the training of senior BA and graduate students.

12. Resource Profile

12.1. Staff Profile Current Staff

The Department is grateful to have the services of Professor Bahru Zewde, (Prof Emeritus, Ph.D.), part –time in the Ph.D. program. The Department is happy to record that two no longer active member of the Department, Prof. Merid Wolde Aregay and Prof. Taddesse Tamrat hold Emeritus rank as internationally distinguished Ethiopianists.

The Department notes that Dr. Tesema Ta’a is currently a candidate, put forward by the Department with its strongest recommendation, for the rank of full Professor.

The Department is proud that one of its senior and distinguished staff, Dr. Tekalign Wolde-Mariam, was recently appointed Academic Vice-President of the University.

12.2 Material Resources

The Department uses the resources the Kennedy Library (General Stacks and Ethiopian Collection), the IES Library and the College of Social Science Graduate Library. The Department has a small collection of wall maps and books, including some books in multiple copies for students, in its own Department Documentation Centre. The Text Book Store on the main campus Kilo Campus has some textbooks issued out to BA students. Past BA, MA and Ph.D. theses are deposited/kept in the Department Documentation Center for department use only.

Most staff members now have computers. The Department office is equipped with a computer, printer and photocopier, as also is the Chairman’s office

12.3. Administrative Structure.

The Department is led by a Chairman. Dr. Wudu Tafete was recently elected by the Department on Dr. Tekalign Wolde-Mariam’s appointment as Academic Vice President of AAU.

Full Department meetings are held regularly to discuss major departmental issues.

The Department Academic Committee (DAC) is composed of 8 senior members including student representatives as a standing committee for routine business.

The Department Graduate Committee (DGC), consisting of 5 senior members, handles all matters concerning the Department’s Graduate Program both in the History and Archaeology.

There is a Curriculum Review Committee which has 5 members, has been engaged in BA curriculum review and is now engaged in a review of the Graduate Program. All decisions on, and changes to, the Department’s curricula come to full Department meetings for final decisions.

13.4. Quality Assurance

13.4.1. The Department keeps its work constantly under review. All BA final examinations are approved by full Department meetings. Final grades in the BA program are discussed, reviewed and approved by full Department meetings, including senior essay grades.

13.4.2. The DGC is directly responsible for quality assurance in the Graduate Program and approves entrance exam questions. External examiners are involved in all MA and Ph.D. thesis examinations. External examiners from outside Ethiopia ensure that the standards of Ph.D. theses are internationally acceptable.

14. General Education

Like other CSS departments, the Department has 3 General Education courses of 3 credits each in its BA Program. These are FLEN 201, Writing Skills, Phil 201 Introduction to Logic and GeEd 101, Civics and Ethical Education. FLEN 201 is `given by the English Department of the Institute of Language Studies; Phil 101 by the CSS Philosophy Department and the Department itself is responsible for teaching GeEd 101 to its own students, in accordance with a University-wide course curriculum.

15. Projects and Involvement with External Institutions, Universities and Others.

Members of the Department have been involved at different times in projects in collaboration with scholars of other universities and have given and give service outside AAU. Examples follow.

15.1. External Examiners

Senior members of the Department have, over the years, obtained high reputation abroad for their research and teaching. Some have been awarded highly prestigious medals for outstanding achievements in research (Legion d’Honneur for Berhanu Abebe and medal of the College de France for Taddesse Tamrat); or were invited to take part in doctoral defense as external examiners (Bahru Zewde at the Universities of Dar es-Salaam and Paris IU, Berhanu Abebe at the University of Paris I; Hussein Ahmed at the University of Birmingham, UK and Shiferaw Bekele at the Universities of Paris I (twice) and at Aix-en-Provence). Professor Taddesse Tamrat was made an honorary member of the faculty of the prestigious School of Oriental and African Studies of the University of London. Some have participated in big international research projects (for instance, Bahru Zewde in the Environmental History of Africa Project of the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, and Shiferaw Bekele in the “Writing the History of the Horn” Project of the University of Paris I) or they have sat on editorial boards of prestigious journals abroad (for example Journal of African History, Aethiopica, Studi Piacentini).

15.2. Research Project

Ato Shiferaw is involved in writing the 20^th century land tenure section, in the University of Paris project entitled. Writing the History of the Horn. There is also an American involvement in this project.

15.3. Local Undertaking

Dr. Teclehaimanot is closely involved in a History and Eco-Tourism project in Adwa, Tegray Reginal State, and Maqdala, Amhara regional state.

15.4. Service to the Ministry of Education

Department staff were involved in setting and marking the former ESLCE History examination, and recently have been involved in setting and editing the 10+2 History examination. They were also involved in workshops of curriculum development for higher education organized by the Ministry of Education. The Department supports, gives advice and help other universities to acquire photocopies & teaching materials.

16. Staff Short Academic Autobiographies

Belete Bizuneh received his BA (1994) and MA (1999) degrees from Addis Ababa University and a Ph.D. in African history from Boston University (2008). His PhD dissertation examined the relationship between pastoralists and the Ethiopian state in the southern Ethiopian borderlands (Borana) in the 20^thcentury. His research interests include among others the political and social history of borderlands, environmental history, cross-border trade and inter-ethnic relations.

David Chapple (Mr.)

Length of AAU Service, 37 years

Rank: Associate Professor

Nationality: British

Academic training: University of Cambridge BA (Honours) in History and

Theology 1957-60. MA (Cambridge) 1979. Wells Theological College 1960-61. Visiting student at Halki Theological College of the Oecumenical Patriarchate, 1961-62.

Work other than AAU: High school teaching in England 1962-68; teacher at the Sandford English Community School, Addis Ababa 1968-71.

Research interest: military history.

Service outside AAU a course in military history for the Ministry of Defence Ethiopian Joint Military Command Staff College.

Publications and papers: Seminar papers for Department seminars. Also papers for the Centenary of Addis Ababa Conference and the Centenary of the Battle of Adwa Conference

Hussein Ahmed (Prof.)

Address: Department of History and Heritage Management

Addis Ababa University

P.O. Box 1176

Tel. 011 1 23 97 23 (office)

Academic qualification: B.A. (AAU, 1977)

M.A. (University of Birmingham, UK, 1981)

Ph.D. (University of Birmingham, 1985)

Rank: Professor, 2003-

Courses taught: 14 in the undergraduate and 6 in the post-graduate programmes

Theses supervised: a large number of BA and at least 60 MA theses

External examiner: PhD thesis, University of Birmingham, July 1999

Grants and fellowships from the British Council, Ethio-Italian Universities’

Cooperation, French Foreign Ministry, Visiting Scholar, University of

Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (spring 1999)

Administrative and professional experience:

Chairman, Department of History, AAU 1990-94

Assistant Dean, College of Social Sciences, AAU, 2000-02

Member, editorial board, Journal of Ethiopian Studies, 1990-94, 2000-

Language proficiency: Amharic, English, French, Arabic and Italian

Community service:

SAREC/IES/Department of History Microfilming Project (Khartoum/

Cairo (1987)

Member, ad hoc committee, Ethiopian Supreme Council for Islamic

Affairs, 1988-90

Gave public lectures and seminars in Addis Ababa, Birmingham, Bologna, Florence, Los Angeles, San‘ā’, Paris, Montreal

Publications:

Book: Islam in Nineteenth-Century Wallo (Ethiopia): Revival, Reform and Reaction (2001)

15 articles on historical and contemporary Islam in Ethiopia, Islamic literature, the Yemeni community, slave trade, mysticism, Addis Ababa University and Muslim- Christian relations published in JES, Journal of Islamic Studies, Islam et Sociétés au Sud du Sahara, Northeast African Studies, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs,

History in Africa, Annales d’Éthiopie, Journal of Religion in Africa, Cahiers

d’Études Africaines

23 papers published in proceedings of international conferences held in Addis

Ababa, Moscow, Paris Algiers, Abuja, Antananarivo, Urbana-Champaign, East

Lansing, Kyoto, Rome, Mainz, Munich, Hamburg, Kampala, Cagliari

16 to be published

18 entries in the three vols. of Encyclopaedia Aethiopica; 4 in vol.4 (forthcoming)

1 entry in The Encyclopaedia of Islam 3^rd ed. (forthcoming)

8 unpublished papers

17 book reviews published in Journal of Semitic Studies, JES, JIS and the Ethiopian

Journal of Social Sciences and the Humanities

Surafel Gelgelo (Ato)

Lecturer at Addis Ababa University,

Department of History and Heritage Management

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or

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Phone number- 0111 239723

I joined the Department of History and Heritage Management as a Graduate Assistant in 2004. I took my MA degree in history in 2008. My thesis examined the ongoing political, economic and social relations between the Sidama and Wolayta ca. 1941-2005.

Research Interests

My research interests revolve around investigating the dynamics involved in the political economies of peoples of southern Ethiopia.

Teaching and Supervision

In terms of career, my goals are to teach history, conduct research projects, and publish results of projects.

TESEMA TA’A (Dr.)

Dr. Tesema Taa is currently Associate Professor in the Department of History, College of Social Sciences at AAU.

He holds the following degrees:

B.A. Addis Ababa University, 1976.

M.A. Addis Ababa University, 1980.

Ph.D. Michigan State University, 1986.

Dr. Tesema has held the following academic ranks in Addis Ababa University.

Graduate Assistant, 1976

Assistant Lecturer, 1977-79

Lecturer1980-1982

Teaching Assistant 1982-1985 (at MSU)

Assistant Professor 1986-1993

Associate Professor 1993 to the present.

Among Dr. Tesema’s works published after his promotion to the rank of Associate professor(1993) the following four have been presented in support of his promotion to the rank of Professor.

(1997) “ The Bonayaa Incident and the Italian Occupation of Naqamtee and

Its Surroundings,” in Proceedings of the 13^th International on Ethiopian Studies, Kyoto University , Japan.

( 2004) “Oromo Traditional Songs,”in Oromo Oral Poetry Seen From within Catherine Griefenow-Mewis and Tamene Bitima (eds) Rudiger

Koppe Verlag, Koln.

(2002) “ Bribing the Land” : An Appraisal of the Farming Systems of the Maccaa Oromo In Wallagga.” Northeast African Studies, Vol. 9: 3.

(2006) “ Oral Historiography and Oromo Studies: Turning Points in Oromo History.” Horn of Africa, An Independent Journal, Vol. xxiv.

Other Publications of Dr. Tesema since the last Promotion include the following:

(1994) “Oral Historiography on Oromo Studies,” in Proceedings of the 12^th

International on Ethiopian Studies, Michigan State University, East

Lansing.

(1996) “Traditional Cooperatives Among the Oromo,” in Being and

Becoming Oromo: Historical and Anthropological Inquiries.

(1996) “ The Translation Issue of Article XVII of the Wuchale Treaty: An Appraisal.”In Adwa Centenary, Vol. II, IES, AAU.

P. Baxter, A. Triulzi and Jan Hultin (eds.) Uppsala: Nordika African statutet

(2002) Seenaa Hundee Ummata Oromo in Afaan Oromo ( The Roots of

Oromo History) Published By GTZ (PEAP), Addis Ababa

(2003) “ A Brief Historical Account of the Goma of the Ethio-Sudanese

Frontier ( Ca.1880s -1950), in Land, Gender and the Periphery: Themes in the History of Eastern and Southern Africa, Bahru Zewde (ed.), Addis Ababa , OSSREA.

(2004) YeWallaga Yetarik Senedoch ( Documents on Wallagga History 1880s-

1920s E.C.) Joint Publication with Prof. A. Triulzi, AAU Printig Press Addis Ababa.

(2004) “ The Place of the Oromo in Ethiopian History.” Journal of Oromo Studies, Vol.11: 1&2.

(2006) The Political Economy of an African Society in Transformation: The Case of Macca Oromo (Ethiopia), Chatherine Griefenow-Mewis (ed), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz GmbH &Co. KG.

(2007) “ Constitutional Development in Ethiopia.” With Zekarias Kenea, in

Kassahun Berhanu et.al (eds.), Election Politics, Decentralized Governance and Constitutionalism in Ethiopia, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Addis Ababa University Press.

(2007) “ Defying the System: The Forgotten Rebellion of Abbaa Xoonnee in Wallgga.”A paper presented at the International Conference of Ethiopian Studies held in Trondhiem, Norway.

(2007) History Text Book for: “ Issues in the Historiography of Africa.” A Teaching Material prepared by wining the competition for SIDA/SAREC Faculty Fund.

Dr. Tesema has participated in a number of Addis Ababa University academic And administrative activities. Some of these are the following:

1980-82 Assistant Dean, CSS, AAU.

1987-1992 Associate Dean, Extension Division, CSS, AAU.

1994- 1997 Dean, CSS, AAU.

999-2003 Coordinator- History Graduate program.

1999-2004 Academic Commission member.

2006-2008: Coordinator History Graduate program.

2004 -2008: AAU Senate member.

2006-2007: A Committee member for the feasibility study of establishing African Studies Center at AAU as one of its Graduate programs and designing Curriculum for it.

Samuel Negash

Gideon Adisse

Rank: Lecturer

Nationality: Ethiopian

Academic training: BA degree in history in Addis Ababa University (1994-

1997E.C.),

MA degree in history in Addis Ababa University (1999-2000E.C.).

Length of AAU service: 4 years

Research interest: Socio-economic studies

Pa11`pers: A paper presented in the National Conference organized by the Dilla University, May 2008

Nasser Ahmed Ibrahim

Place of Birth Harar (Region 13)

Date of Birth May 1981 G.C.

Sex Male

Nationality Ethiopian

Martial Status Single

Educational Background

Schools Attended Place Award

1. Kotebe College of Teachers Education A.A. Diploma

2. Addis Ababa University A.A. B.A. in History

Work experience

1. Three years of experience in teaching profession at Harar, Hamaressa Senior Secondary School 2000 – 2003.

2. Two years of work experience in Addis Ababa University 2006 - 2007 Graduate Assistant. 2007 – 2008 Assistant Lecturer.

Job Description

Instructor

Currently under MA Program

Researches interest

Pasturalism, Islam, and Chat and Society.

Current Address

Tel. No. Mobile 0911 75 82 19

Teclehaimanot Gebreselassie (Dr.)

Date and Place of Birth: April 22, 1950, Adwa (Tigray)

Place of Birth: Adwa

Marital Status: Married

Address: Department of History, P.O.Box. 1176, Addis Ababa University, AA. Ethiopia.

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Academic History:

B.A. in history from Addis Ababa University, 1979

M.A. in history from Addis Ababa University, 1984. Thesis: “The Wayto of Lake Tana: Ethno-History”.

MA in History & anthropology from Northwestern University, USA, 1992

Thesis: “ The Bete Israel of Ethiopia”.

PhD in History from Addis Ababa University, 2000.

“The Fuga of South-central Ethiopia”

Academic Ranks held at AAU

Graduate Assistant, Addis Ababa University (AAU) 1979-1984

Lecturer, Addis Ababa University (AAU) 1984-2000

Assistant Professor, Addis Ababa University

(AAU) 2000 – to Present

Courses Taught at AAU:

Undergraduate program

Hist. 102, Introduction to the History of Ethiopia.

Hist. 201, Ethiopia and the Horn to 1270.

Hist. 202, Ethiopia and the Horn 1270-1527

Hist. 101, Ethiopia and the Horn to 1527

Hist. 311, Teaching Methods in History

HIST. 162/461, Introduction to the History of Ethiopian Arts

Bahir Dar University: Hist. 102, Introduction to the History of Ethiopia (Block

Teaching)

Graduate Program: HIST. 731: The Periphery in Ethiopian History.

HIST. 609: The Periphery in Ethiopian History.

Theses Supervision: a large number of BA, MA and one Ph.D.

External Examiner: Many MA theses (Anthropology and Ethiopian Languages)

SHIMELIS BONSA

CONTACT INFORMATION

Shimelis Bonsa

Department of History

Addis Ababa University

P. O. Box 1176

Office: (0111) 23-97-23

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

And

Department of History

University of California, Los Angeles

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Shimelis was born in Hararghe, Eastern Ethiopia. After completing his elementary and secondary education, he joined the Addis Ababa University where he completed his undergraduate studies in the Department of History. Upon graduation, he was recruited as a graduate assistant in the Department. Subsequently, he did his Masters in History. Currently, he is completing his doctoral studies in History (Urban Studies) at the University of California, Los Angeles (USA).

Since the time he joined the Department as a faculty, Shimelis has been teaching Ethiopian and modern African history. On a more thematic note, his teaching and research interest lies in urban and diaspora issues, two developments of increasing global significance and relevance. The Department has, in fact, recently designed two courses of the same name which it will offer in the near future.

In terms of specialization and research engagements, Shimelis has been working, over the last many years, on modern and contemporary history of Ethiopia. More particularly, issues related to urban/urbanization (such as urban space and its production, youth, urban cultural production, rural-urban ties), modernity/modernization, the production of identities (local, national, diasporic), governance, and the politics of knowledge production form the center of his scholarly preoccupation.

As part of his engagement with these questions, Shimelis has produced a number of articles, some of which have been published including:

Survey of the Private Press in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa: Forum for Social Studies, 2000

(an extract of which was published as “The State of the Private Press in Ethiopia” in Bahru Zewde and Siegfried Pausewand, eds. Ethiopia: The Challenge of Democracy from Below. (Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet and Addis Ababa: Forum for Social Studies, 2002);

“A History of Kistane Migration to 1974” in Andrew Burton, ed. The Urban Experience

in Eastern Africa c. 1750-2000, Nairobi: The British Institute in Eastern Africa, 2002 (also published in Azania: Journal of the British Institute in Eastern Africa. Vol. XXXVI-XXXVII. 2001-2002. 172-186);

“Some Aspects of Kistane Urban Labor Undertakings, c. 1941-1974.” in Ethiopian

Studies at the End of the Second Millennium: Proceedings of the XIVth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies November 6-11, 2000, Vol. I (Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, 2002);

“A History of Kistane Women’s Migration to Addis Ababa until 1974”, in Land, Gender

and the Periphery: Themes in the History of Eastern and Southern Africa, ed. Bahru Zewde (Addis Ababa: Organization for Social Sciences Research in Eastern and Southern Africa, 2003)

In addition, Shimelis has been working on the following areas:

“Rethinking the Discourse on Ethnicity in Contemporary Ethiopia” (Forthcoming, 2009), and

“City Making as Nation Building” (Forthcoming, 2009)

His other academic activities have taken him to venues other than the university; to name some:

Presenter of a paper on “Challenges and Opportunities of the Private

Media,” organized by the Ethiopian International Institute for Peace and Development: Economic Development Forum, Sheraton Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2001

Organizer (representing the Department of History, Addis Ababa

University) of the Third Eastern and Southern Africa History Workshop, sponsored by the Department of History, Addis Ababa University and the Organization for Social Sciences Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSSREA), Imperial Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, October 29-31, 2001

Rapporteur for a “Workshop on Regional Integration in Africa,” organized

by the Special Initiative for Africa-Ford Foundation, Hilton Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, November 25-28, 2002

Rapporteur for a “Workshop on Citizenship and Identity in Africa,”

organized by the Special Initiative for Africa-Ford Foundation, Hilton Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, June 09-12, 2003

Reviewer of a Manuscript for Enchantment of the World-Ethiopia, for

Scholastic Library Publishing, Danbury, CT, USA, April 23-May 18, 2004

Member of the National Organizing Committee (Information and Public

Relations Sub-Committee) of the 4^th Congress of the Association of African Historians, held in Addis Ababa, 22-24 May 2007

Author of “History of the Early Expatriate Communities in Addis Ababa,”

Addis Ababa: Addis Ababa Millennium Secretariat, 2007

Author of a Policy Brief on “Ethiopia’s Private Press: History, Challenges and

Opportunities”, prepared for the Forum for Social Studies, Addis Ababa, June 30, 2007

Guest lecturer on the History of Ethiopia, a lecture organized under the

theme “History, Culture, and Visual Representations” by SIT Study Abroad Program for a group of students from the USA from September to October 2007 (similar lectures were provided before for other groups of US students)

In terms of administrative responsibilities, Shimelis served for years (1997-2003) as coordinator of the Extension as well as the Summer In-Service Program for Teachers, both under the auspices of the College of Social Sciences

Wudu Tafete Kassu, (Ph. D.)

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Telephone: 011-123-9723

P.O. Box: 1176

Wudu Tafete Kassu was born at Amdawarq, Wag Hemra Zone. He attended at Addis Ababa University where he graduated with a B.A. in History with distinction in 1989, and M. A. in History in 1995. He joined the Department of History at Addis Ababa in 1989. He also attended the graduate program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign from 1998 to 2006 and obtained his Ph. D.

His Ph. D. dissertation was on the history of Ethiopian Orthodox Church, Ethiopianization of the episcopacy, religious nationalism and the independence of the Church, and the religious policy of the imperial and the military regimes.

Since 1989 he has taught Ethiopian history at Addis Ababa University. His research interest includes religion, religious conflicts, religious identity and institutions, and medieval Ethiopian History.

Education: Ph. D., University of Illinois, 2006

M. A., Addis Ababa University, 1995

B. A. Addis Ababa University, 1989

Professional History: Department of History, Addis Ababa University

Graduate Assistant, 1989-90

Assistant Lecturer, 1990-95

Lecturer, 1995-2008

Assistant professor, 2008

Publications:

“Church, Nation, and State: The Making of Modern Ethiopia, 1926-1991 – A Research Proposal,” Ethiopian Journal of the Social Sciences and Humanities (EJOSSAH), Vol. I, 1, December 2003.

“Dajjazmach Haylu Kabbada and the Patriotic Resistance Movement in Wag, 1935-41,”in Katsuyoshi Fuki and et. al. eds. Ethiopia in Broader Perspective: Proceedings of the International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Vol. I, Kyoto, 1997.

“Dajjazamach Haylu Kabbada Enna Ya-Arbanoch Enqeseqase Ba-Wag Wust, 1928-1933 E. C. Shaday, Journal Published for Shaday Millennium, Exhibition and Festival, Saqota, Hamle 2000 E. C.( Dajjazmach Haylu Kabbada and the Patriotic Resistance Movement in Wag, 1935-41)

Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, Vols, I, 2003, II, 2005, III, 2007 (Several entries).

“The Two Wagshums and the Battle,” in Abdussamad H. Ahmed and Pankhurst, eds. Adwa: Victory Centenary Conference, 26 February – 2 March 1996, Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, 1998.

“YA Wag Enna Lasta Bahlawi Mari – Wag-Seyum – Keber Enna Mae’rag Ba-Ityopiya Tarik Wust,” Shaday, Journal Published for Shaday Millennium, Exhibition and Festival, Saqota, Hamle 2000 E. C. (The traditional rulers of Wag and Lasta- Wag-Seyum – honor and title in Ethiopian history).

“Meison: From Opposition to Critical Support, 1974-77,” The Sixth Departmental

Seminar of the Department of History, Addis Ababa University, July 1995. (Forthcoming)

“The Death of Amhad Gran in the Eyes of a Traditional Painter in Wag,” The Fourth International Conference of Ethiopian Art, Trieste, Italy, 1996 (Forthcoming)

Other Researches:

“The Ethiopian Orthodox Church, the Ethiopian Government and the Alexandrian

Church: Indigenizing the Episcopacy and Forging National Identity, 1926-1991,” Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Illinois, 2006.

“The Political History of Wag & Lasta, c. 1543-1919,” M. A. Thesis, Department of History, Addis Ababa University, 1995.

“The Twin Churches of Raguel, 1889-1919,” B. A. Thesis, Department of History, Addis Ababa University, 1989.

Research Grants:

Ph. D. research grant, Department of History, University of Illinois, 2003-04.

Ph. D. research grant, Addis Ababa University, 2004.

Dissertation writing fellowship, Department of History, University of Illinois, 2005-06.

Nega G/Selassie Atsebha

Tele 0913951811

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Age 29

Place of Birth Gonder

Nationality Ethiopian

Education

1991-1996 School-Leaving Certificate (Delgi Senior Secondary School).

1996-1998 Diploma in History.

(Gondar Teachers’ College B.A. in History Addis Ababa University)

2007 Attending M.A. Programme in Archaeology

(Addis Ababa University)

Experience

1997-2003 Teaching History

(Debark Senior Secondary School)

Graduate Assistant, Department of History and Heritage management (A.A.U)

From 2007 to the present I have been working with the rank of Assistant Lecturer fro my department

Name: Kassaye Begahaw

Date of Birth: October 1953

Place of Birth: Goba, Bale, Ethiopia

Nationality: Ethiopia

Marital Status: Married, with two children

Current Address: P.O.Box. 30785

Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Tel. 251.113 71 10 21(Residence)

251 111 23 97 23 (office)

0911 605912 (Mobile)

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